This rather new procedure, Assisted hatching (AH) is used during some of the IVF method. It is done to support the embryo hatch out of its protective layering and implant straight into the uterus. In the initial stages of improvement, the embryo is placed in a layer of proteins; zona pellicuda made for preserve the embryo until it reaches the blastocyst stage of improvement. To successfully implant into the uterus, it is needed that the embryo hatches out of it and connect itself to the walls of the uterus.
Sometimes, the embryo has difficultly in hatching out of the layer, if the layer is too thick or if the embryo does not have enough strength from the cells to break through. Assisted hatching assist in this release.
This process is recommended for the infertile couples in the following cases:
If the woman is 38 years or older
If the woman has a high follicle stimulating hormone level
Unexplained infertility
If the couple has failed to achieve a pregnancy in a prior IVF cycle
If the embryos are fertilized using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Severe endometriosis
Frozen-thawed embryos
Assisted hatching is used at the same time with in vitro fertilization method for improving the chances of implantation of the embryo. It is required when:
The advancing age of the female partner (more than 38 years)
If the woman is suffering endometriosis, making the implantation of the embryo difficult
When the egg quality is poor
Implantation also becomes difficult when the follicle stimulating hormone gets elevated on the third day after the ovulation
In couples who have tried in vitro fertilization cycles for once or twice previously, but have failed to conceive, despite otherwise good results.
Assisted Hatching is of 3 types:
Mechanical Hatching: The embryo cover is opened mechanically using a thin long drawn out glass needle. The machine used is called micromanipulator.
Chemical hatching: A hole is created in the zona pellucida of an oocyte and the embryo with the use acidic tyrode’s solution.
Laser Assisted Hatching: A gap is created in the zona pellucida of the chosen selected embryos using a 1.48 micron infrared diode laser.
This delicate method needs great skill and sophisticated instrumentation. Following are the steps:
1. By drilling with Acidified Tyrode’s solution
The embryo is kept in a dish enclose culture solution where a pipette is used to influence the embryo. The embryologist takes a hollow needle containing an acidic solution, places it later to zona pellucid and discharge a small price of the solution. This creates a small hole. After washing the embryo in culture media, it is transferred into the uterus solution and placed back in an incubator.
2. Mechanical opening by glass micro needle – Also known as partial zona dissection
3. Laser photoablation – Either a hole is made on the zona pellicuda or limited zona thinning is done using a laser. When this method is computer assisted, there are more rigors and takes less time too.
Because of Assisted hatching, the rate of embryo implantation has upgraded.
According to evidences, AH enhance the result of an IVF treatment, but they may vary give to particular cases. Age of woman is a necessary factor Woman between the age of 35 to 39 years training 50 percent chance. Advanced age stages, lowers the success rate.
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